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Professor Mikyoung Lim from Mathematical Sciences to Deliver Keynote at International Conference on Applied Inverse Problems
<Professor Mikyoung Lim from KAIST Department of Mathematical Sciences>
Professor Mikyoung Lim from KAIST Department of Mathematical Sciences gave a plenary talk on "Research on Inverse Problems based on Geometric Function Theory" at AIP 2025 (12th Applied Inverse Problems Conference). AIP is one of the leading international conferences in applied mathematics, organized biennially by the Inverse Problems International Association (IPIA). This year's conference was held from July 28 to August 1 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and consisted of plenary talks, over 40 mini-symposia, and poster sessions. The IPIA began in 2007 and was re-established in 2022 as a non-profit international academic organization officially registered in Germany. At that time, Professor Lim served as an executive committee member for the re-establishment.
During the lecture, Professor Lim's research team introduced a new geometric solution and its applications to boundary value problems for electric/elastic equations, which they have been working on for the past 10 years. In particular, they presented a method for reconstructing partial differential equation boundary value problems into matrix equations and applying them to inverse problems using geometric function theory, a classical theory of complex analysis. A representative achievement was the formalization of the relationship between conformal mappings for simply connected domains in a plane and the measured values of solutions to equations of inhomogeneous conductors into a closed-form expression.
This research led to the plenary talk, as it was recognized for pioneering a new methodology for inverse problem research by connecting geometric function theory and layer potential theory.
2025.08.14 View 44 -
KAIST Takes the Lead in Developing Core Technologies for Generative AI National R&D Project
KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) is leading the transition to AI Transformation (AX) by advancing research topics based on the practical technological demands of industries, fostering AI talent, and demonstrating research outcomes in industrial settings. In this context, KAIST announced on the 13th of August that it is at the forefront of strengthening the nation's AI technology competitiveness by developing core AI technologies via national R&D projects for generative AI led by the Ministry of Science and ICT.
In the 'Generative AI Leading Talent Cultivation Project,' KAIST was selected as a joint research institution for all three projects—two led by industry partners and one by a research institution—and will thus be tasked with the dual challenge of developing core generative AI technologies and cultivating practical, core talent through industry-academia collaborations.
Moreover, in the 'Development of a Proprietary AI Foundation Model' project, KAIST faculty members are participating as key researchers in four out of five consortia, establishing the university as a central hub for domestic generative AI research.
Each project in the Generative AI Leading Talent Cultivation Project will receive 6.7 billion won, while each consortium in the proprietary AI foundation model development project will receive a total of 200 billion won in government support, including GPU infrastructure.
As part of the 'Generative AI Leading Talent Cultivation Project,' which runs until the end of 2028, KAIST is collaborating with LG AI Research. Professor Noseong Park from the School of Computing will participate as the principal investigator for KAIST, conducting research in the field of physics-based generative AI (Physical AI). This project focuses on developing image and video generation technologies based on physical laws and developing a 'World Model.'
<(From Left) Professor Noseong Park, Professor Jae-gil Lee, Professor Jiyoung Whang, Professor Sung-Eui Yoon, Professor Hyunwoo Kim>
In particular, research being conducted by Professor Noseong Park's team and Professor Sung-Eui Yoon's team proposes a model structure designed to help AI learn the real-world rules of the physical world more precisely. This is considered a core technology for Physical AI.
Professors Noseong Park, Jae-gil Lee, Jiyoung Hwang, Sung-Eui Yoon, and Hyun-Woo Kim from the School of Computing, who have been globally recognized for their achievements in the AI field, are jointly participating in this project. This year, they have presented work at top AI conferences such as ICLR, ICRA, ICCV, and ICML, including: ▲ Research on physics-based Ollivier Ricci-flow (ICLR 2025, Prof. Noseong Park) ▲ Technology to improve the navigation efficiency of quadruped robots (ICRA 2025, Prof. Sung-Eui Yoon) ▲ A multimodal large language model for text-video retrieval (ICCV 2025, Prof. Hyun-Woo Kim) ▲ Structured representation learning for knowledge generation (ICML 2025, Prof. Jiyoung Whang).
In the collaboration with NC AI, Professor Tae-Kyun Kim from the School of Computing is participating as the principal investigator to develop multimodal AI agent technology. The research will explore technologies applicable to the entire gaming industry, such as 3D modeling, animation, avatar expression generation, and character AI. It is expected to contribute to training practical AI talents by giving them hands-on experience in the industrial field and making the game production pipeline more efficient.
As the principal investigator, Professor Tae-Kyun Kim, a renowned scholar in 3D computer vision and generative AI, is developing key technologies for creating immersive avatars in the virtual and gaming industries. He will apply a first-person full-body motion diffusion model, which he developed through a joint research project with Meta, to VR and AR environments.
<Professor Tae-Kyun Kim, Minhyeok Seong, and Tae-Hyun Oh from the School of Computing, and Professor Sung-Hee Lee, Woon-Tack Woo, Jun-Yong Noh, and Kyung-Tae Lim from the Graduate School of Culture Technology, Professor Ki-min Lee, Seungryong Kim from the Kim Jae-chul Graduate School of AI>
Professor Tae-Kyun Kim, Minhyeok Seong, and Tae-Hyun Oh from the School of Computing, and Professors Sung-Hee Lee, Woon-Tack Woo, Jun-Yong Noh, and Kyung-Tae Lim from the Graduate School of Culture Technology, are participating in the NC AI project. They have presented globally recognized work at CVPR 2025 and ICLR 2025, including: ▲ A first-person full-body motion diffusion model (CVPR 2025, Prof. Tae-Kyun Kim) ▲ Stochastic diffusion synchronization technology for image generation (ICLR 2025, Prof. Minhyeok Seong) ▲ The creation of a large-scale 3D facial mesh video dataset (ICLR 2025, Prof. Tae-Hyun Oh) ▲ Object-adaptive agent motion generation technology, InterFaceRays (Eurographics 2025, Prof. Sung-Hee Lee) ▲ 3D neural face editing technology (CVPR 2025, Prof. Jun-Yong Noh) ▲ Research on selective search augmentation for multilingual vision-language models (COLING 2025, Prof. Kyung-Tae Lim).
In the project led by the Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI), Professor Seungryong Kim from the Kim Jae-chul Graduate School of AI is participating in generative AI technology development. His team recently developed new technology for extracting robust point-tracking information from video data in collaboration with Adobe Research and Google DeepMind, proposing a key technology for clearly understanding and generating videos.
Each industry partner will open joint courses with KAIST and provide their generative AI foundation models for education and research. Selected outstanding students will be dispatched to these companies to conduct practical research, and KAIST faculty will also serve as adjunct professors at the in-house AI graduate school established by LG AI Research.
<Egocentric Whole-Body Motion Diffusion (CVPR 2025, Prof. Taekyun Kim's Lab), Stochastic Diffusion Synchronization for Image Generation (ICLR 2025, Prof. Minhyuk Sung's Lab), A Large-Scale 3D Face Mesh Video Dataset (ICLR 2025, Prof. Taehyun Oh's Lab), InterFaceRays: Object-Adaptive Agent Action Generation (Eurographics 2025, Prof. Sunghee Lee's Lab), 3D Neural Face Editing (CVPR 2025, Prof. Junyong Noh's Lab), and Selective Retrieval Augmentation for Multilingual Vision-Language Models (COLING 2025, Prof. Kyeong-tae Lim's Lab)>
Meanwhile, KAIST showed an unrivaled presence by participating in four consortia for the Ministry of Science and ICT's 'Proprietary AI Foundation Model Development' project.
In the NC AI Consortium, Professors Tae-Kyun Kim, Sung-Eui Yoon, Noseong Park, Jiyoung Hwang, and Minhyeok Seong from the School of Computing are participating, focusing on the development of multimodal foundation models (LMMs) and robot-based models. They are particularly concentrating on developing LMMs that learn common sense about space, physics, and time. They have formed a research team optimized for developing next-generation, multimodal AI models that can understand and interact with the physical world, equipped with an 'all-purpose AI brain' capable of simultaneously understanding and processing diverse information such as text, images, video, and sound.
In the Upstage Consortium, Professors Jae-gil Lee and Hyeon-eon Oh from the School of Computing, both renowned scholars in data AI and NLP (natural language processing), along with Professor Kyung-Tae Lim from the Graduate School of Culture Technology, an LLM expert, are responsible for developing vertical models for industries such as finance, law, and manufacturing. The KAIST researchers will concentrate on developing practical AI models that are directly applicable to industrial settings and tailored to each specific industry.
The Naver Consortium includes Professor Tae-Hyun Oh from the School of Computing, who has developed key technology for multimodal learning and compositional language-vision models, Professor Hyun-Woo Kim, who has proposed video reasoning and generation methods using language models, and faculty from the Kim Jae-chul Graduate School of AI and the Department of Electrical Engineering.
In the SKT Consortium, Professor Ki-min Lee from the Kim Jae-chul Graduate School of AI, who has achieved outstanding results in text-to-image generation, human preference modeling, and visual robotic manipulation technology development, is participating. This technology is expected to play a key role in developing personalized services and customized AI solutions for telecommunications companies.
This outcome is considered a successful culmination of KAIST's strategy for developing AI technology based on industry demand and centered on on-site demonstrations.
KAIST President Kwang Hyung Lee said, "For AI technology to go beyond academic achievements and be connected to and practical for industry, continuous government support, research, and education centered on industry-academia collaboration are essential. KAIST will continue to strive to solve problems in industrial settings and make a real contribution to enhancing the competitiveness of the AI ecosystem."
He added that while the project led by Professor Sung-Ju Hwang from the Kim Jae-chul Graduate School of AI, which had applied as a lead institution for the proprietary foundation model development project, was unfortunately not selected, it was a meaningful challenge that stood out for its original approach and bold attempts. President Lee further commented, "Regardless of whether it was selected or not, such attempts will accumulate and make the Korean AI ecosystem even richer."
2025.08.13 View 98 -
2025 APEC Youth STEM Science Exchange Program Successfully Completed
<Photo1. Group photo at the end of the program>
KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced on the 11thof August that it successfully hosted the 'APEC Youth STEM Conference KAIST Academic Program,' a global science exchange program for 28 youth researchers from 10 countries and over 30 experts who participated in the '2025 APEC Youth STEM* Collaborative Research and Competition.' The event was held at the main campus in Daejeon on Saturday, August 9.
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) refers to the fields of science and engineering.
The competition was hosted by the Ministry of Science and ICT and organized by the APEC Science Gifted Mentoring Center. It took place from Wednesday, August 6, to Saturday, August 9, 2025, at KAIST in Daejeon and the Korea Science Academy of KAIST in Busan. The KAIST program was organized by the APEC Science Gifted Mentoring Center and supported by the KAIST Institute for the Gifted and Talented in Science Education.
Participants had the opportunity to experience Korea's cutting-edge research infrastructure firsthand, broaden their horizons in science and technology, and collaborate and exchange ideas with future science talents from the APEC region.
As the 2025 APEC chair, Korea is promoting various international collaborations to discover and nurture the next generation of talent in the STEM fields. The KAIST academic exchange program was particularly meaningful as it was designed with the international goal of revitalizing science gifted exchanges and expanding the basis for cooperation among APEC member countries. It moved beyond the traditional online-centric research collaboration model to focus on hands-on, on-site, and convergence research experiences.
The global science exchange program at KAIST introduced participants to KAIST's world-class educational and research environment and provided various academic content to allow them to experience real-world examples of convergence technology-based research.
<Photo2. Program Activities>
First, the KAIST Admissions Office participated, introducing KAIST's admissions system and its educational and research environment to outstanding international students, providing an opportunity to attract global talent. Following this, Dr. Tae-kyun Kwon of the Music and Audio Computing Lab at the Graduate School of Culture Technology presented a convergence art project based on musical artificial intelligence data, including a research demonstration in an anechoic chamber.
<Photo3. Participation in a music AI research demonstration>
Furthermore, a Climate Talk Concert program was organized under the leadership of the Graduate School of Green Growth and Sustainability, in connection with the theme of the APEC Youth STEM Collaborative Research: 'Youth-led STEM Solutions: Enhancing Climate Resilience.'
The program was planned and hosted by Dean Jiyong Eom. It provided a platform for young people to explore creative and practical STEM-based solutions to the climate crisis and seek opportunities for international cooperation.
<Photo4. Participation in Music AI Research Demonstration >
The program was a meaningful time for APEC youth researchers, offering practical support for their research through special lectures and Q&A sessions on:
Interdisciplinary Research and Education in the Era of Climate Crisis (Dean Jiyong Eom)
Energy Transition Technology in the Carbon Neutral Era (Professor Jeongrak Son)
Policies for Energy System Change (Professor Jihyo Kim)
Carbon Neutral Bio-technology (Professor Gyeongrok Choi)
After the afternoon talk concert, Lee Jing Jing, a student from Brunei, shared her thoughts, saying, "The lectures by the four professors were very meaningful and insightful. I was able to think about energy transition plans to solve climate change from various perspectives."
Si-jong Kwak, Director of the KAIST Global Institute for Talented Education, stated, "I hope that young people from all over the world will directly experience KAIST's research areas and environment, expand their interest in KAIST, and continue to grow as outstanding talents in the fields of science and engineering."
KAIST President Kwang Hyung Lee said, "KAIST will be at the center of science and technology-based international cooperation and will spare no effort to support future talents in developing creative and practical problem-solving skills. I hope this event served as an opportunity for young people to understand the value of global cooperation and grow into future science leaders."
2025.08.11 View 181 -
Prof. Seungbum Koo’s Team Receives Clinical Biomechanics Award at the 30th International Society of Biomechanics Conference
<(From Left) Ph.D candidate Jeongseok Oh from KAIST, Dr. Seungwoo Yoon from KAIST, Prof.Joon-Ho Wang from Samsung Medical Center, Prof.Seungbum Koo from KAIST>
Professor Seungbum Koo’s research team received the Clinical Biomechanics Award at the 30th International Society of Biomechanics (ISB) Conference, held in July 2025 in Stockholm, Sweden. The Plenary Lecture was delivered by first author and Ph.D. candidate Jeongseok Oh. This research was conducted in collaboration with Professor Joon-Ho Wang’s team at Samsung Medical Center.
Residual Translational and Rotational Kinematics After Combined ACL and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction During Walking
Jeongseok Oh, Seungwoo Yoon, Joon-Ho Wang, Seungbum Koo
The study analyzed gait-related knee joint motion using high-speed biplane X-ray imaging and three-dimensional kinematic reconstruction in 10 healthy individuals and 10 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with ALL augmentation. The patient group showed excessive anterior translation and internal rotation, suggesting incomplete restoration of normal joint kinematics post-surgery. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the early onset of knee osteoarthritis often reported in this population.'
The ISB conference, held biennially for over 60 years, is the largest international biomechanics meeting. This year, it hosted 1,600 researchers from 46 countries and featured over 1,400 presentations. The Clinical Biomechanics Award is given to one outstanding study selected from five top-rated abstracts invited for full manuscript review. The winning paper is published in Clinical Biomechanics, and the award includes a monetary prize and a Plenary Lecture opportunity.
From 2019 to 2023, Koo and Wang’s teams developed a system with support from the Samsung Future Technology Development Program to track knee motion in real time during treadmill walking, using high-speed biplane X-rays and custom three-dimensional reconstruction software. This system, along with proprietary software that precisely reconstructs the three-dimensional motion of joints, was approved for clinical trials by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and installed at Samsung Medical Center. It is being used to quantitatively analyze abnormal joint motion patterns in patients with knee ligament injuries and those who have undergone knee surgery.
Additionally, Jeongseok Oh was named one of five finalists for the David Winter Young Investigator Award, presenting his work during the award session. This award recognizes promising young researchers in biomechanics worldwide.
2025.08.10 View 171 -
KAIST’s Wearable Robot Design Wins ‘2025 Red Dot Award Best of the Best’
<Professor Hyunjoon Park, M.S candidate Eun-ju Kang, Prospective M.S candidate Jae-seong Kim, undergraduate student Min-su Kim>
A team led by Professor Hyunjoon Park from the Department of Industrial Design won the ‘Best of the Best’ award at the 2025 Red Dot Design Awards, one of the world's top three design awards, for their 'Angel Robotics WSF1 VISION Concept.'
The design for the next-generation wearable robot for people with paraplegia successfully implements functionality, aesthetics, and social inclusion. This latest achievement follows the team's iF Design Award win for the WalkON Suit F1 prototype, which also won a gold medal at the Cybathlon last year. This marks consecutive wins at top-tier international design awards.
KAIST (President Kwang-hyung Lee) announced on the 8th of August that Move Lab, a research team led by Professor Hyunjoon Park from the Department of Industrial Design, won the 'Best of the Best' award in the Design Concept-Professional category at the prestigious '2025 Red Dot Design Awards' for their next-generation wearable robot design, the ‘Angel Robotics WSF1 VISION Concept.’
The German 'Red Dot Design Awards' is one of the world's most well-known design competitions. It is considered one of the world's top three design awards along with Germany’s iF Design Awards and America’s IDEA. The ‘Best of the Best’ award is given to the best design in a category and is awarded only to a very select few of the top designs (within the top 1%) among all Red Dot Award winners.
Professor Hyunjoon Park’s team was honored with the ‘Best of the Best’ award for a user-friendly follow-up development of the ‘WalkON Suit F1 prototype,’ which won a gold medal at the 2024 Cybathlon and an iF Design Award in 2025.
<Figure 1. WSF1 Vision Concept Main Image>
This award-winning design is the result of industry-academic cooperation with Angel Robotics Inc., founded by Professor Kyoungchul Kong from the KAIST Department of Mechanical Engineering. It is a concept design that proposes a next-generation wearable robot (an ultra-personal mobility device) that can be used by people with paraplegia in their daily lives.
The research team focused on transforming Angel Robotics Inc.'s advanced engineering platform into an intuitive and emotional, user-centric experience, implementing a design solution that simultaneously possesses functionality, aesthetics, and social inclusion.
<Figure 2. WSF1 Vision Concept Full Exterior (Front View)>
The WSF1 VISION Concept includes innovative features implemented in Professor Kyoungchul Kong’s Exo Lab, such as:
An autonomous access function where the robot finds the user on its own.
A front-loading mechanism designed for the user to put it on alone while seated.
Multi-directional walking functionality realized through 12 powerful torque actuators and the latest control algorithms.
AI vision technology, along with a multi-visual display system that provides navigation and omnidirectional vision.
This provides users with a safer and more convenient mobility experience.
The strong yet elegant silhouette was achieved through a design process that pursued perfection in proportion, surfaces, and details not seen in existing wearable robots. In particular, the fabric cover that wraps around the entire thigh from the robot's hip joint is a stylish element that respects the wearer's self-esteem and individuality, like fashionable athletic wear. It also acts as a device for the wearer to psychologically feel safe in interacting with the robot and blending in with the general public. This presents a new aesthetic for wearable robots where function and form are harmonized.
<Figure 3. WSF1 Vision Concept's Operating Principle. It walks autonomously and is worn from the front while the user is seated.>
KAIST Professor Hyunjoon Park said of the award, "We are focusing on using technology, aesthetics, and human-centered innovation to present advanced technical solutions as easy, enjoyable, and cool experiences for users. Based on Angel Robotics Inc.'s vision of 'recreating human ability with technology,' the WSF1 VISION Concept aimed to break away from the traditional framework of wearable robots and deliver a design experience that adds dignity, independence, and new style to the user's life."
<Figure 4. WSF1 Vision Concept Detail Image>
A physical model of the WSF1 VISION Concept is scheduled to be unveiled in the Future Hall of the 2025 Gwangju Design Biennale from August 30 to November 2. The theme is 'Po-yong-ji-deok' (the virtue of inclusion), and it will showcase the role of design language in creating an inclusive future society.
<Figure 5. WSF1 Vision Concept: Image of a Person Wearing and Walking>
2025.08.09 View 121 -
Key Figures in the Establishment of KAIST, Specially Invited to the Presidential Office’s National Appointment Ceremony
KAIST announced on August 6 that Professor Emeritus Jung-Woong Ra from the Department of Electrical Engineering and Won-ki Kwon, former Vice Minister of the Ministry of Science and Technology, who played pivotal roles in the establishment of KAIST, were selected as special guests for the 'National Appointment Ceremony' hosted by the Presidential Office on August 15th.
The Presidential Office selected special invitees across eight categories for the ceremony. These include individuals born in 1945 (referred to as 'Liberation Babies'), those involved in the founding of KAIST in 1971, independence activists and national patriots, overseas workers in Germany and the Middle East, AI industry professionals, residents from regions facing depopulation, leading figures in K-culture, military personnel, firefighters, police officers, families of fallen public servants and victims of social disasters, as well as promising talents in economics, science, culture, and the arts.
Considering the historical significance of its establishment and its symbolic meaning for the development of national science and technology, KAIST Professor Emeritus Jung-Woong Ra, who was a key figure in the establishment of the Department of Electrical Engineering after being appointed as a professor in 1971, and former Vice Minister Kwon Won-ki, who was the first practical leader of the establishment project. Both were officially included on the special invitation list.
Briefing from the Presidential Office regarding the 'National Appointment Ceremony' (2025.07.28) https://www.president.go.kr/newsroom/briefing/grehGMuP
2025.08.06 View 230 -
KAIST Develops AI ‘MARIOH’ to Uncover and Reconstruct Hidden Multi-Entity Relationships
<(From Left) Professor Kijung Shin, Ph.D candidate Kyuhan Lee, and Ph.D candidate Geon Lee>
Just like when multiple people gather simultaneously in a meeting room, higher-order interactions—where many entities interact at once—occur across various fields and reflect the complexity of real-world relationships. However, due to technical limitations, in many fields, only low-order pairwise interactions between entities can be observed and collected, which results in the loss of full context and restricts practical use. KAIST researchers have developed the AI model “MARIOH,” which can accurately reconstruct* higher-order interactions from such low-order information, opening up innovative analytical possibilities in fields like social network analysis, neuroscience, and life sciences.
*Reconstruction: Estimating/reconstructing the original structure that has disappeared or was not observed.
KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced on the 5th that Professor Kijung Shin’s research team at the Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI has developed an AI technology called “MARIOH” (Multiplicity-Aware Hypergraph Reconstruction), which can reconstruct higher-order interaction structures with high accuracy using only low-order interaction data.
Reconstructing higher-order interactions is challenging because a vast number of higher-order interactions can arise from the same low-order structure.
The key idea behind MARIOH, developed by the research team, is to utilize multiplicity information of low-order interactions to drastically reduce the number of candidate higher-order interactions that could stem from a given structure.
In addition, by employing efficient search techniques, MARIOH quickly identifies promising interaction candidates and uses multiplicity-based deep learning to accurately predict the likelihood that each candidate represents an actual higher-order interaction.
<Figure 1. An example of recovering high-dimensional relationships (right) from low-dimensional paper co-authorship relationships (left) with 100% accuracy, using MARIOH technology.>
Through experiments on ten diverse real-world datasets, the research team showed that MARIOH reconstructed higher-order interactions with up to 74% greater accuracy compared to existing methods.
For instance, in a dataset on co-authorship relations (source: DBLP), MARIOH achieved a reconstruction accuracy of over 98%, significantly outperforming existing methods, which reached only about 86%. Furthermore, leveraging the reconstructed higher-order structures led to improved performance in downstream tasks, including prediction and classification.
According to Kijung, “MARIOH moves beyond existing approaches that rely solely on simplified connection information, enabling precise analysis of the complex interconnections found in the real world.” Furthermore, “it has broad potential applications in fields such as social network analysis for group chats or collaborative networks, life sciences for studying protein complexes or gene interactions, and neuroscience for tracking simultaneous activity across multiple brain regions.”
The research was conducted by Kyuhan Lee (Integrated M.S.–Ph.D. program at the Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI at KAIST; currently a software engineer at GraphAI), Geon Lee (Integrated M.S.–Ph.D. program at KAIST), and Professor Kijung Shin. It was presented at the 41st IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering (IEEE ICDE), held in Hong Kong this past May.
※ Paper title: MARIOH: Multiplicity-Aware Hypergraph Reconstruction ※ DOI: https://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/ICDE65448.2025.00233
<Figure 2. An example of the process of recovering high-dimensional relationships using MARIOH technology>
This research was supported by the Institute of Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) through the project “EntireDB2AI: Foundational technologies and software for deep representation learning and prediction using complete relational databases,” as well as by the National Research Foundation of Korea through the project “Graph Foundation Model: Graph-based machine learning applicable across various modalities and domains.”
2025.08.05 View 332 -
Anti-Neuroinflammatory Natural Products from Isopod-Related Fungus Now Accessible via Chemical Synthesis
<(From left) Professor Sunkyu Han, Ph.D candidate Yoojin Lee, Ph.D candidate Taewan Kim>
"Herpotrichone" is a natural substance that has been evaluated highly for its excellent ability to suppress inflammation in the brain and protect nerve cells, displaying significant potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This substance could only be obtained in minute quantities from fungi that are symbiotic with isopods. However, KAIST researchers have succeeded in chemically synthesizing this rare natural product, thereby presenting the possibility for the development of next-generation drugs for neurodegenerative diseases.
*Chemical Synthesis: A process of creating desired substances using chemical reactions.
KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced on the 31st of July that a research team led by Professor Sunkyu Han of the Department of Chemistry successfully synthesized the natural anti-neuroinflammatory substances 'herpotrichones A, B, and C' for the first time.
Herpotrichone natural products are substances obtainable only in minute quantities from 'Herpotrichia sp. SF09', a symbiotic pill bug fungus, and possess a unique 6/6/6/6/3 pentacyclic framework consisting of five fused rings (four six-membered and one three-membered ring).
Interestingly, this substance exhibits excellent anti-neuroinflammatory effects that suppress brain inflammatory reactions. Recently, its mechanism of action to protect nerve cells by inhibiting ferroptosis (iron-mediated cell death) was also reported, raising expectations for its potential as a therapeutic drug for brain diseases.
Professor Han's research team devised a biosynthetically inspired strategy to chemically synthesize herpotrichoneS. The key to success was a named chemical reaction "Diels-Alder (DA) reaction". This reaction forms a six-membered ring by creating new bonds between carbon-based partners, much like two puzzle pieces interlocking to form a single ring.
<Figure 2. Key Synthetic Strategy for Hypotricon A, B, and C Based on Hydrogen Bonding>
Furthermore, the research team focused on a weak attractive phenomenon between molecules called "hydrogen bonding". By delicately designing and controlling this hydrogen bond, they were able to precisely induce the reaction to occur chemo-, regio- and stereoselectively, thereby synthesizing herpotrichone. Notably, without the pivotal hydrogen bond, only a small amount of the target natural product was formed or only undesirable byproducts were generated.
The configuration of the C2’ hydroxyl moiety was essential in directing the desired transition states leading to the target natural products.
Thanks to this induced hydrogen bonding, the reacting molecules approached the correct positions and went through an ideal transition state, allowing for the synthesis of herpotrichone C. This reaction principle was also successfully applied to herpotrichone A and B, enabling the successful synthesis of these natural products.
During the key Diels-Alder reaction conducted in the laboratory, new molecular structures not yet discovered in nature were also formed. Some of these have a high probability of being novel natural products with excellent pharmacological activity, thus doubling the significance of this research for anticipating natural products through synthesis.
Indeed, while Professor Han's research team conducted synthetic studies on herpotrichone A and B based on a 2019 paper by Chinese researchers who discovered and elucidated their structures, the research team observed the formation of undesired byproducts.
Interestingly, in 2024, the same Chinese research team that discovered herpotrichones A and bn reported the discovery of a new natural product called herpotrichone C, which turned out to be the same substance as the major byproduct previously obtained by Professor Han's team en route to herpotrichones A and B.
Professor Han stated, "This is the first total synthesis of a rare natural product with pharmacological activity related to neurodegenerative diseases and systematically presents the principle of biomimetic synthesis of complex natural products." He added, "It is expected to contribute to the development of novel natural product-based anti-neuroinflammatory therapeutics and biosynthesis research of this group of natural products."
This research outcome, with Yoojin Lee, a master's and Ph.D. integrated course student in the Department of Chemistry, as the first author, was published on July 16th in the Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS), one of the most prestigious academic journals in the field of chemistry.
This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Mid-career Researcher Support Program, the KAIST UP Project, the KAIST Grand Challenge 30 Project, and the KAIST Trans-Generational Collaborative Research Laboratory Project.
2025.08.04 View 420 -
KAIST Successfully Presents the Future of AI Transformation and Physical AI Strategy at the 1st National Strategic Technology Forum
<(Front row, fourth from the right) President Kwang Hyung Lee of KAIST, (back row, fifth from the right) Forum co-host Representative Hyung-Doo Choi, (back row, sixth from the left) Forum co-host Representative Han-Kyu Kim, along with ruling and opposition party members of the Science, ICT, Broadcasting, and Communications Committee and the Trade, Industry, Energy, SMEs, and Startups Committee, as well as Professors Hoe-Jun Yoo and Jung Kim from KAIST)>
KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced on July that it had successfully held the “1st National Strategic Technology Forum” at the National Assembly Members' Office Building that day under the theme “The Future of Artificial Intelligence Transformation (AX): Physical AI.” This bipartisan policy forum aimed to discuss strategies for technology hegemony by leveraging Korea’s strengths in AI semiconductors and manufacturing.
The forum was hosted by KAIST and co-organized by Representative Hyung-Du Choi (People Power Party), the secretary of the National Assembly's Science, ICT, Broadcasting, and Communications Committee, and Representative Han-Kyu Kim (Democratic Party), a member of the Trade, Industry, Energy, SMEs, and Startups Committee. It marks the beginning of a five-part forum series, scheduled monthly through the rest of the year except for October.
The overarching theme, “Artificial Intelligence Transformation (AX),” was designed to address the structural changes reshaping industry, the economy, and society due to the spread of generative AI.
< KAIST President Kwang Hyung Lee delivering his remarks >
The first session focused on “Physical AI,” reflecting how AI innovation—sparked by the proliferation of large language models (LLMs)—is rapidly expanding into the physical realm through ultra-low-power, ultra-lightweight semiconductors. This includes applications in robotics, sensors, and edge devices. Physical AI refers to technologies that interact directly with the real world through AI integration with robotics, autonomous driving, and smart factories. It is drawing attention as a promising next-generation field where Korea can secure a strategic edge, given its strengths in semiconductors and manufacturing.
<Hoi-Jun Yoo, Dean of the KAIST Graduate School of AI Semiconductor>
Hoi-Jun Yoo, Dean of the KAIST Graduate School of AI Semiconductor, gave a presentation titled “The Second AI Innovation Enabled by Ultra-Low-Power AI Semiconductors and Lightweight AI Models,” covering semiconductor trends for implementing Physical AI, academic and industrial strategies for robotics and semiconductors, and Korea’s development direction for “K-Physical AI.”
<Professor Jung Kim, the head of KAIST’s Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering>
Following that, Professor Jung Kim, the head of KAIST’s Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering gave a talk on “Trends in Physical AI and Humanoid Robots,” predicting a new industrial paradigm shaped by AI-robot convergence. He presented global trends, Korea’s development trajectory, and survival strategies for humanoid robots that can supplement or replace human intellectual and physical functions.
During the open discussion that followed, participating lawmakers and experts engaged in in-depth conversations about the need for bipartisan strategies and collaboration.
Representative Hyung-Du Choi (People Power Party) stated, “Through this forum as a platform for public discourse, I will work to ensure that legislation and policy align with the direction of the science and technology field, and that necessary measures are taken promptly to strengthen national competitiveness.”
Representative Han-Kyu Kim (Democratic Party) emphasized, “As strategic planning in science and technology accelerates, it becomes more difficult to coordinate policies involving multiple ministries. Forums like this, which enable ongoing communication among stakeholders, are instrumental in finding effective solutions.”
KAIST President Kwang Hyung Lee remarked, “Although Korea is a latecomer in the generative AI field, we have a unique opportunity to gain strategic superiority in Physical AI, thanks to our technological capabilities in manufacturing, semiconductors, and robotics.” He added, “I hope lawmakers from both the ruling and opposition parties, along with experts, will come together regularly to devise practical policies and contribute to the advancement of Korea’s science and technology.”
<Poster of National Strategic Technology Forum>
This forum series aims to explore policy and institutional solutions to help Korea gain technological leadership in a global context where strategic technologies—such as AI, semiconductors, biotechnology, and energy—directly influence national security and economic sovereignty. Lawmakers from both the Science, ICT, Broadcasting, and Communications Committee and the Trade, Industry, Energy, SMEs, and Startups Committee will continue to participate, fostering bipartisan dialogue. The forums are coordinated by the KAIST Policy Research Institute for National Strategic Technologies.
2025.07.31 View 320 -
KAIST Enables On-Site Disease Diagnosis in Just 3 Minutes... Nanozyme Reaction Selectivity Improved 38-Fold
<(From Left) Professor Jinwoo Lee, Ph.D candidate Seonhye Park and Ph.D candidate Daeeun Choi from Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering>
To enable early diagnosis of acute illnesses and effective management of chronic conditions, point-of-care testing (POCT) technology—diagnostics conducted near the patient—is drawing global attention. The key to POCT lies in enzymes that recognize and react precisely with specific substances. However, traditional natural enzymes are expensive and unstable, and nanozymes (enzyme-mimicking catalysts) have suffered from low reaction selectivity. Now, a Korean research team has developed a high-sensitivity sensor platform that achieves 38 times higher selectivity than existing nanozymes and allows disease diagnostics visible to the naked eye within just 3 minutes.
On the 28th, KAIST (President Kwang Hyung Lee) announced that Professor Jinwoo Lee’s research team from the Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, in collaboration with teams led by Professor Jeong Woo Han at Seoul National University and Professor Moon Il Kim at Gachon University, has developed a new single-atom catalyst that selectively performs only peroxidase-like reactions while maintaining high reaction efficiency.
Using bodily fluids such as blood, urine, or saliva, this diagnostic platform enables test results to be read within minutes even outside hospital settings—greatly improving medical accessibility and ensuring timely treatment. The key lies in the visual detection of biomarkers (disease indicators) through color changes triggered by enzyme reactions. However, natural enzymes are expensive and easily degraded in diagnostic environments, limiting their storage and distribution.
To address this, inorganic nanozyme materials have been developed as substitutes. Yet, they typically lack selectivity—when hydrogen peroxide is used as a substrate, the same catalyst triggers both peroxidase-like reactions (which cause color change) and catalase-like reactions (which remove the substrate), reducing diagnostic signal accuracy.
To control catalyst selectivity at the atomic level, the researchers used an innovative structural design: attaching chlorine (Cl) ligands in a three-dimensional configuration to the central ruthenium (Ru) atom to fine-tune its chemical properties. This enabled them to isolate only the desired diagnostic signal.
<Figure1. The catalyst in this study (ruthenium single-atom catalyst) exhibits peroxidase-like activity with selectivity akin to natural enzymes through three-dimensional directional ligand coordination. Due to the absence of competing catalase activity, selective peroxidase-like reactions proceed under biomimetic conditions. In contrast, conventional single-atom catalysts with active sites arranged on planar surfaces exhibit dual functionality depending on pH. Under neutral conditions, their catalase activity leads to hydrogen peroxide depletion, hindering accurate detection. The catalyst in this study eliminates such interference, enabling direct detection of biomarkers through coupled reactions with oxidases without the need for cumbersome steps like buffer replacement. The ability to simultaneously detect multiple target substances under biomimetic conditions demonstrates the practicality of ruthenium single-atom catalysts for on-site diagnostics>
Experimental results showed that the new catalyst achieved over 38-fold improvement in selectivity compared to existing nanozymes, with significantly increased sensitivity and speed in detecting hydrogen peroxide. Even in near-physiological conditions (pH 6.0), the catalyst maintained its performance, proving its applicability in real-world diagnostics.
By incorporating the catalyst and oxidase into a paper-based sensor, the team created a system that could simultaneously detect four key biomarkers related to health: glucose, lactate, cholesterol, and choline—all with a simple color change.
This platform is broadly applicable across various disease diagnostics and can deliver results within 3 minutes without complex instruments or pH adjustments. The findings show that diagnostic performance can be dramatically improved without changing the platform itself, but rather by engineering the catalyst structure.
<Figure 2.(a) Schematic diagram of the paper sensor (Zone 1: glucose oxidase immobilized; Zone 2: lactate oxidase immobilized; Zone 3: choline oxidase immobilized; Zone 4: cholesterol oxidase immobilized; Zone 5: no oxidase enzyme). (b) Single biomarker (single disease indicator) detection using the ruthenium single‑atom catalyst–based paper sensor.(c) Multiple biomarker (multiple disease indicator) detection using the ruthenium single‑atom catalyst–based paper sensor>
Professor Jinwoo Lee of KAIST commented, “This study is significant in that it simultaneously achieves enzyme-level selectivity and reactivity by structurally designing single-atom catalysts.” He added that “the structure–function-based catalyst design strategy can be extended to the development of various metal-based catalysts and other reaction domains where selectivity is critical.”
Seonhye Park and Daeeun Choi, both Ph.D. candidates at KAIST, are co-first authors. The research was published on July 6, 2025, in the prestigious journal Advanced Materials
-Title: Breaking the Selectivity Barrier of Single-Atom Nanozymes Through Out-of-Plane Ligand Coordinatio
- Authors: Seonhye Park (KAIST, co–first author), Daeeun Choi (KAIST, co–first author), Kyu In Shim (SNU, co–first author), Phuong Thy Nguyen (Gachon Univ., co–first author), Seongbeen Kim (KAIST), Seung Yeop Yi (KAIST), Moon Il Kim (Gachon Univ., corresponding author), Jeong Woo Han (SNU, corresponding author), Jinwoo Lee (KAIST, corresponding author
-DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202506480
This research was supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).
2025.07.29 View 471 -
Immune Signals Directly Modulate Brain's Emotional Circuits: Unraveling the Mechanism Behind Anxiety-Inducing Behaviors
KAIST's Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, led by Professor Jeong-Tae Kwon, has collaborated with MIT and Harvard Medical School to make a groundbreaking discovery. For the first time globally, their joint research has revealed that cytokines, released during immune responses, directly influence the brain's emotional circuits to regulate anxiety behavior.
The study provided experimental evidence for a bidirectional regulatory mechanism: inflammatory cytokines IL-17A and IL-17C act on specific neurons in the amygdala, a region known for emotional regulation, increasing their excitability and consequently inducing anxiety. Conversely, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was found to suppress excitability in these very same neurons, thereby contributing to anxiety alleviation.
In a mouse model, the research team observed that while skin inflammation was mitigated by immunotherapy (IL-17RA antibody), anxiety levels paradoxically rose. This was attributed to elevated circulating IL-17 family cytokines leading to the overactivation of amygdala neurons.
Key finding: Inflammatory cytokines IL-17A/17C promote anxiety by acting on excitable amygdala neurons (via IL-17RA/RE receptors), whereas anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 alleviates anxiety by suppressing excitability through IL-10RA receptors on the same neurons.
The researchers further elucidated that the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 works to reduce the excitability of these amygdala neurons, thereby mitigating anxiety responses.
This research marks the first instance of demonstrating that immune responses, such as infections or inflammation, directly impact emotional regulation at the level of brain circuits, extending beyond simple physical reactions. This is a profoundly significant achievement, as it proposes a crucial biological mechanism that interlinks immunity, emotion, and behavior through identical neurons within the brain.
The findings of this research were published in the esteemed international journal Cell on April 17th of this year.
Paper Information:
Title: Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines bidirectionally modulate amygdala circuits regulating anxiety
Journal: Cell (Vol. 188, 2190–2220), April 17, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.03.005
Corresponding Authors: Professor Gloria Choi (MIT), Professor Jun R. Huh (Harvard Medical School)
2025.07.24 View 497 -
Approaches to Human-Robot Interaction Using Biosignals
<(From left) Dr. Hwa-young Jeong, Professor Kyung-seo Park, Dr. Yoon-tae Jeong, Dr. Ji-hoon Seo, Professor Min-kyu Je, Professor Jung Kim >
A joint research team led by Professor Jung Kim of KAIST Department of Mechanical Engineering and Professor Min-kyu Je of the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering recently published a review paper on the latest trends and advancements in intuitive Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) using bio-potential and bio-impedance in the internationally renowned academic journal 'Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering'.
This review paper is the result of a collaborative effort by Dr. Kyung-seo Park (DGIST, co-first author), Dr. Hwa-young Jeong (EPFL, co-first author), Dr. Yoon-tae Jeong (IMEC), and Dr. Ji-hoon Seo (UCSD), all doctoral graduates from the two laboratories. Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering is a review specialized journal in the field of electrical, electronic, and artificial intelligence technology, newly launched by Nature Publishing Group last year. It is known to invite world-renowned scholars in the field through strict selection criteria. Professor Jung Kim's research team's paper, titled "Using bio-potential and bio-impedance for intuitive human-robot interaction," was published on July 18, 2025. (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44287-025-00191-5)
This review paper explains how biosignals can be used to quickly and accurately detect movement intentions and introduces advancements in movement prediction technology based on neural signals and muscle activity. It also focuses on the crucial role of integrated circuits (ICs) in maximizing low-noise performance and energy efficiency in biosignal sensing, covering thelatest development trends in low-noise, low-power designs for accurately measuring bio-potential and impedance signals.
The review emphasizes the importance of hybrid and multi-modal sensing approaches, presenting the possibility of building robust, intuitive, and scalable HRI systems. The research team stressed that collaboration between sensor and IC design fields is essential for the practical application of biosignal-based HRI systems and stated that interdisciplinary collaboration will play a significant role in the development of next-generation HRI technology. Dr. Hwa-young Jeong, a co-first author of the paper, presented the potential of bio-potential and impedance signals to make human-robot interaction more intuitive and efficient, predicting that it will make significant contributions to the development of HRI technologies such as rehabilitation robots and robotic prostheses using biosignals in the future. This research was supported by several research projects, including the Human Plus Project of the National Research Foundation of Korea.
2025.07.24 View 555