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KAIST Clinic's Dr. Joo-yeon Kim Receives Minister's Award
Dr. Joo-yeon Kim receives citation on “The Fifth Tuberculosis Prevention Day” for her contribution to campus tuberculosis outbreak prevention. Dr. Joo-Yeon Kim, the general manager of medical services of KAIST Clinic, received an award from the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare on March 24, 2015. The award ceremony took place during “The Fifth Tuberculosis Prevention Day,” hosted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and supervised by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The event was held at Seoul Sejong Cultural Center with 300 distinguished guests in attendance including the Minister of Health and Welfare, the Committee Members of the National Assembly Health and Welfare Committee, and the Director of Korea Centers for Disease Control Prevention. The award acknowledges Dr. Kim’s contribution to curbing a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak on KAIST’s campus in 2013. In cooperation with the Infectious Disease Prevention Committee in KAIST, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Yuseong Public Health Centre, Dr. Kim’s swift treatment and rigorous control of both TB and latent TB patients prevented further outbreaks. The KAIST Clinic is the first university-affiliated clinic established in September 2010 after Neil Pappalardo, the President of MEDITEC in the US, donated $2.5 million to KAIST. It is currently running 10 medical departments including those in family medicine, stress clinic, and dentistry to provide medical care to students and staff. Every March 24 marks the annual “Tuberculosis Prevention Day” and “World Tuberculosis Day.” The “World Tuberculosis Day” was established in 1982 to promote TB prevention and early detection. It commemorated the 100th year anniversary of the discovery of M. tuberculosis on March 24, 1883 by the German bacteriologist Robert Koch. According to the TB Prevention Act (Article 4), Korea marks “The Tuberculosis Prevention Day” alongside the “World Tuberculosis Day” on March 24 to raise public awareness of the magnitude of the disease and the importance of prevention.
2015.03.25
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KAIST Develops a Credit-Card-Thick Flexible Lithium Ion Battery
Since the battery can be charged wirelessly, useful applications are expected including medical patches and smart cards. Professor Jang Wook Choi at KAIST’s Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water, and Sustainability (EEWS) and Dr. Jae Yong Song at the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science jointly led research to invent a flexible lithium ion battery that is thinner than a credit card and can be charged wirelessly. Their research findings were published online in Nano Letters on March 6, 2015. Lithium ion batteries are widely used today in various electronics including mobile devices and electronic cars. Researchers said that their work could help accelerate the development of flexible and wearable electronics. Conventional lithium ion batteries are manufactured based on a layering technology, stacking up anodes, separating films, and cathodes like a sandwich, which makes it difficult to reduce their thickness. In addition, friction arises between layers, making the batteries impossible to bend. The coating films of electrodes easily come off, which contributes to the batteries’ poor performance. The research team abandoned the existing production technology. Instead, they removed the separating films, layered the cathodes and anodes collinearly on a plane, and created a partition between electrodes to eliminate potential problems, such as short circuits and voltage dips, commonly present in lithium ion batteries. After more than five thousand consecutive flexing experiments, the research team confirmed the possibility of a more flexible electrode structure while maintaining the battery performance comparable to the level of current lithium ion batteries. Flexible batteries can be applied to integrated smart cards, cosmetic and medical patches, and skin adhesive sensors that can control a computer with voice commands or gesture as seen in the movie “Iron Man.” Moreover, the team has successfully developed wireless-charging technology using electromagnetic induction and solar batteries. They are currently developing a mass production process to combine this planar battery technology and printing, to ultimately create a new paradigm to print semiconductors and batteries using 3D printers. Professor Choi said, “This new technology will contribute to diversifying patch functions as it is applicable to power various adhesive medical patches.” Picture 1: Medical patch (left) and flexible secondary battery (right) Picture 2: Diagram of flexible battery Picture 3: Smart card embedding flexible battery
2015.03.24
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KAIST Alumni Awards Academic Scholarships
The KAIST Alumni Academic Scholarship Foundation awarded scholarships to 25 KAIST students. The award ceremony took place on March 15, 2015, in Seoul. The Foundation selected 21 Korean students and four foreign students based on their leadership skills and academic achievements. Each Korean student received USD 3,600, and each international student USD 900. The scholarships will be provided to the students for up to three years. The Foundation allows alumni whose donations surpass a certain threshold amount to name their scholarships. This year, a total of eleven donors used this service. The Foundation provided scholarships to 25 students in 2004 as well.
2015.03.20
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A Key Signal Transduction Pathway Switch in Cardiomyocyte Identified
A KAIST research team has identified the fundamental principle in deciding the fate of cardiomyocyte or heart muscle cells. They have determined that it depends on the degree of stimulus in β-adrenergic receptor signal transduction pathway in the cardiomyocyte to control cells' survival or death. The findings, the team hopes, can be used to treat various heart diseases including heart failure. The research was led by KAIST Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Chair Professor Kwang-Hyun Cho and conducted by Dr. Sung-Young Shin (lead author) and Ph.D. candidates Ho-Sung Lee and Joon-Hyuk Kang. The research was conducted jointly with GIST (Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology) Department of Biological Sciences Professor Do-Han Kim’s team. The research was supported by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Republic of Korea, and the National Research Foundation of Korea. The paper was published in Nature Communications on December 17, 2014 with the title, “The switching role of β-adrenergic receptor signalling in cell survival or death decision of cardiomyocytes.” The β-adrenergic receptor signal transduction pathway can promote cell survival (mediated by β2 receptors), but also can result in cell death by inducing toxin (mediated by β1 receptors) that leads to various heart diseases including heart failure. Past attempts to identify the fundamental principle in the fate determining process of cardiomyocyte based on β-adrenergic receptor signalling concluded without much success. The β-adrenergic receptor is a type of protein on the cell membrane of cardiomyocyte (heart muscle cell) that when stimulated by neurohormones such as epinephrine or norepinephrine would transduce signals making the cardiomyocyte contract faster and stronger. The research team used large-scale computer simulation analysis and systems biology to identify ERK* and ICER** signal transduction pathways mediated by a feed-forward circuit as a key molecular switch that decides between cell survival and death. Weak β-adrenergic receptor stimulations activate ERK signal transduction pathway, increasing Bcl-2*** protein expression to promote cardiomyocyte survival. On the other hand, strong β-adrenergic receptor stimulations activate ICER signal transduction pathway, reducing Bcl-2 protein expression to promote cardiomyocyte death. Researchers used a systems biology approach to identify the mechanism of B-blocker****, a common drug prescribed for heart failure. When cardiomyocyte is treated with β1 inhibitor, strong stimulation on β-adrenergic receptor increases Bcl-2 expression, improving the chance of cardiomyocyte survival, a cell protection effect. Professor Kwang-Hyun Cho said, “This research used systems biology, an integrated, convergence research of IT (information technology) and BT (biotechnology), to successfully identify the mechanism in deciding the fate of cardiomyocytes based on the β-adrenergic receptor signal transduction pathway for the first time. I am hopeful that this research will enable the control of cardiomyocyte survival and death to treat various heart diseases including heart failure.” Professor Cho’s team was the first to pioneer a new field of systems biology, especially concerning the complex signal transduction network involved in diseases. Their research is focused on modelling, analyzing simulations, and experimentally proving signal pathways. Professor Cho has published 140 articles in international journals including Cell, Science, and Nature. * ERK (Extracellular signal-regulated kinases): Signal transduction molecule involved in cell survival ** ICER (Inducible cAMP early repressor): Signal transduction molecule involved in cell death *** Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2): Key signal transduction molecule involved in promotion of cell survival **** β-blocker: Drug that acts as β-adrenergic receptor inhibitor known to slow the progression of heart failure, hence used most commonly in medicine. Picture: A schematic diagram for the β-AR signalling network
2015.01.05
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Parents of Alumni Donates to KAIST
Parents of KAIST alumni donated a scholarship of USD 4,800 to the university. A donation ceremony took place at the president’s office on October 21, 2014. Two sons and the daughter-in-law of Ki-Hong Oh (husband) and Soon-Yi Kim (wife) studied at KAIST. Hwan-Hee Oh and Hwan-Yup Oh graduated with Master’s degrees in Mechanical Engineering in 2005 and 2009, respectively. Jung-Im Min received a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering in 2005. Oh and Kim, who are orange growers in Jeju Island, Korea, said, “We have always appreciated the generous support our children received from KAIST and thought for many years about ways to make a contribution to the development of the university. Although this is a small amount, we are pleased to express our appreciation to KAIST.” The couple hope that their donation will inspire others in Korea to follow suit and added, “Just like many of the great universities in the west which are supported through donations made by their alumni and people from all walks of life, we would like to see Korean universities also benefit from such a culture and practice.” President Steve Kang expressed his gratitude to the couple and said, “KAIST will cherish your philanthropic good deeds, and the scholarship will be used to support students as you wish.”
2014.10.22
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The Alumni Association of KAIST hosts the first KAIST Technology Exchange Meeting
The Alumni Association of KAIST hosted the first KAIST Technology Exchange Meeting on September 12th at the KAIST Institute on campus. About 14 alumni companies, MDS Technology, Biospace, and Satrec Initiative, two private equity funds including KAIST Entrepreneurship Foundation, and KAIST Technology Commercialization Center participated in this meeting. This meeting was organized by the Alumni Association of KAIST in order to strengthen cooperation between alumni companies and KAIST members by increasing technology exchange and fostering cooperative culture. The meeting comprised of two sessions: product exhibition and technology-exchange session. During the exhibition, participating companies prepared the following: product showcase, intellectual property exchange, project consulting, and employment information. Companies involved in technology-exchange session not only showcased their brand new technology but also shared their innovative ideas and entrepreneur vision, and discussed joint R&D. The president of the Alumni Association of KAIST, Man Kee Baek who was in charge of this meeting said, “I hope this meeting stimulates more technology exchange between alumni companies and school members.” He added that “our alumni association will continue to organize many projects for better KAIST.” Detailed information about the event can be found on the official webpage of the Alumni Association of KAIST (http://www.ilovekaist.net), and this event was open to the public. A company specializing in medical devices, Biospace, plans to donate a body composition analyzer and an automatic blood pressure meter worth 14,000,000 won to KAIST.
2014.09.15
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The Fifth YLKamp Held at KAIST
The student leadership organization of KAIST, known as Young Leaders in KAIST (YLK), held its fifth annual camp called the YLKamp inviting high school students in rural areas across Korea from July 11th to 14th. The YLKamp is a study mentee-mentor camp, where KAIST students teach and deliver their knowledge on “how to study” to high school students from the countryside. The camp helps young students who have passion and talent, but lack the opportunity to experience and learn more. KAIST encourages students to participate in activities where they can donate their talent and learn leadership skills. About 20 KAIST students planned all the activities, from creating camp programs, selecting participants to requesting sponsorship from outside organizations including the KAIST Alumni. This year, more than 150 high school students in rural areas applied for the camp, and of them, 60 students were chosen. The camp activities included lectures, individual mentoring, group projects, career exploration meetings, and invited speaker presentations. Since its foundation in 2010, the YLKamp has been held every year at KAIST.
2014.08.14
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BizWorld 2014 Takes Place at the KAIST campus: July 28-August 2, 2014
A multinational student conference on science, technology, and business called “BizWorld 2014 (http://kisa.kaist.ac.kr/bizworld/kaist/)” began on July 28, 2014 and continues through August 2, 2014 at the KAIST campus in Daejeon. Created in 2013 by international students at KAIST, the conference aims to promote entrepreneurship among students within KAIST as well as those from other nations and to exchange knowledge and experiences in translating technological and scientific innovations into business opportunities. The KAIST International Student Association (KISA) hosts the conference in partnership with five universities in the Asia-Pacific region: Peking University in China, National Taiwan University in Taiwan, the University of Tokyo in Japan, National University of Singapore, and the University of Queensland in Australia. This year, four distinguished speakers from the Korean government and private sector will give talks on job creation through science and technology advancement, strategic management of technology, and trends in information technology business. Participating students will also visit laboratories for electric vehicles being developed by KAIST: Armadilo T and the Online Electric Vehicle (OLEV). The Armadillo T is a small, light, and agile electric car that folds its body for an efficient use of space. OLEV can be an electric car, bus, or even a high-capacity train, which is recharged wirelessly while on-the-go. The s tudents will have a Q&A meeting with researchers and discuss a possible business model to commercialize these technologies.
2014.07.30
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KAIST Researchers Develops Sensor That Reads Emotional States of Users
A piloerection monitoring sensor attached on the skin The American Institute of Physics distributed a press release dated June 24, 2014 on a research paper written by a KAIST research team, which was published in its journal entitled Applied Physics Letters (APL). APL features concise, up-to-date reports in significant new findings in applied physics. According to the release, “KAIST researchers have developed a flexible, wearable 20 mm x 20 mm polymer sensor that can directly measure the degree and occurrence on the skin of goose bumps, which is caused by sudden changes in body temperature or emotional states.” The lead researcher was Professor Young-Ho Cho from the Department of Bio and Brain Engineering at KAIST. If you would like to read the press release, please go to the link below: American Institute of Physics, June 24, 2014 “New technology: The goose bump sensor” http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-06/aiop-ntt062314.php
2014.06.26
View 7722
A mechanism for how reactive oxygen species cause cell responses studied
A research team led by Professor Kwang-Hyun Cho of the Department of Biology and Brain Engineering, KAIST, and Dr. Gi-Sun Kwon of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology succeeded in proving the mechanism behind the determination of cell life in relation to reactive oxygen species. The results of the venture were published in the June 3rd edition of Science Signaling. The title of the research paper is “MLK3 is part of a feedback mechanism that regulates different cellular responses to reactive oxygen species.” The research team discovered that the molecular switch that determines the division of apoptosis of a cell was based on MLK3 feedback mechanism. MLK stands for mixed-lineage kinase. Under sufficient stress, the mechanism instructs the cell to undergo the division but in an overly stressful environment, the mechanism stops the cell division and instead, induces apoptosis. This discovery is expected to be a breakthrough in illnesses related to the concentration of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). At low concentration of ROS, the protein associated with cell division, ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase), is activated while as the ROS concentration increases, JNK (c-Jun N-terminal protein kinases), responsible for apoptosis, becomes activated. Furthermore, through computer simulation analysis and mathematical modeling, in tandem with molecular cell biology experiments, the MLK3 based feedback mechanism was the fundamental molecular switch that determines the balance between ERK and JNK, and ultimately the cell’s responses. Professor Cho commented that “the contradicting cell responses to ROS had remained a mystery, but with the system biology, an approach in which information technology and biotechnology converge, such riddles can be resolved. We expect that the proven mechanism will be used to overcome aging or cancer growth as a result of ROS in the near future.” Picture shows the process of identifying cell responses caused by reactive oxygen species.
2014.06.13
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A Molecular Switch Controlling Self-Assembly of Protein Nanotubes Discovered
International collaborative research among South Korea, United States, and Israel research institutionsThe key to the treatment of cancer and brain disease mechanism The molecular switch that controls the self-assembly structure of the protein nanotubes, which plays crucial role in cell division and intracellular transport of materials, has been discovered. KAIST Bio and Brain Engineering Department’s Professor Myeong-Cheol Choi and Professor Chae-Yeon Song conducted the research, in collaboration with the University of California in Santa Barbara, U.S., and Hebrew University in Israel. The findings of the research were published in Nature Materials on the 19th. Microtubules are tube shaped and composed of protein that plays a key role in cell division, cytoskeleton, and intercellular material transport and is only 25nm in diameter (1/100,000 thickness of a human hair). Conventionally, cancer treatment focused on disrupting the formation of microtubules to suppress the division of cancer cells. In addition Alzheimer’s is known to be caused by the diminishing of structural integrity of microtubules responsible for intercellular material transport which leads to failure in signal transfer. The research team utilized synchrotron x-ray scattering and transmission electron microscope to analyze the self assemble structure of protein nanotubes to subnanometer accuracy. As a result, the microtubules were found to assemble into 25nm thickness tubules by stacking protein blocks 4 x 5 x 8nm in dimension. In the process, the research team discovered the molecular switch that controls the shape of these protein blocks. In addition the research team was successful in creating a new protein tube structure. Professor Choi commented that they were successful in introducing a new paradigm that suggests the possibility of controlling the complex biological functions of human’s biological system with the simple use of physical principles. He commented further that it is anticipated that the findings will allow for the application of bio nanotubes in engineering and that this is a small step in finding the mechanism behind cancer treatment and neural diseases.
2014.02.03
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Space Observatory Video by Science & Technology Satellite No. 3 Released
Images of the Andromeda Galaxy, the Orion Nebula, and the Rosetta Nebula taken by the Science & Technology Satellite No. 3, which was built by the KAIST Satellite Technology Research Center and launched at the Yasny launch site in Russia, were released on December 17, 21 st and 22 nd , 2013. The Andromeda Galaxy (M31) is the nearest spiral galaxy and is located about two million light years away from the earth. The first image received was an infrared image recorded by the space telescope loaded in the satellite. Research using the satellite’s infrared camera and imaging spectrometer for observing the Earth will also be conducted until February, 2014. After that, the satellite will be collecting images on infrared cosmic background radiation and exploring the galactic plane at a height of 600 km for two years. The infrared and spectrometer images from the Earth observation can be utilized for disaster monitoring and applied to basic research for the detection of wildfires and urban heat island effect as well as flood damage observation and water quality prediction. Infrared Light Observed in the Universe, Andromeda Galaxy
2014.01.13
View 7450
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